³ Johan Galtung and Mari Holmboe Ruge,"The Structure of Foreign News: The Presentation of the Congo, Cuba and Cyprus Crises in Four Norwegian Newspapers," Journal of Peace Research 2 (1965): 64-91; and Melissa A. Johnson, "Predicting News Flow from Mexico," Journalism and Mass Communication Quarterly 74 (Summer 1997): 315-330.

⁴ W. Adams and M. Joblove,"The Unnewsworthy Holocaust: TV News and Terror in Cambodia," in W. Adams, ed., Television Coverage of International Affairs (Norwood, NJ: Ablex, 1982).

⁵ Einar Ostgaard,"Factors Influencing the Flow of News," Journal of Peace Research 2 (1965): 39-63; Jeff Charles, Larry Shore and Rusty Todd,"The New York Times Coverage of Equatorial and Lower Africa," Journal of Communication 29 (Spring 1979): 148-155; Al Hester, "Theoretical Considerations in Predicting Volume and Direction of International Information Flow," Gazette 19(4) (1973): 239- 247; and Karl Erik Rosengren and Gunnel Rikardsson,"Middle East News in Sweden," Gazette 20 (1974): 99-116.

⁶ Pamela J. Shoemaker, Tsan-Kuo Chang and Nancy Brendlinger,"Deviance as a Predictor of Newsworthiness: Coverage of International Events in the U.S. Media," in Communication Yearbook 10, ed. M. L. McLaughlin (Newbury Park, CA: Sage, 1987); and L. Paul Husselbee and Guido H. Stempel III,"Contrast in U.S. Media Coverage of Two Major Canadian Elections," Journalism and Mass Communication Quarterly 74 (Autumn 1997): 591-601.

⁷ Tsan-Kuo Chang and Jae-Won Lee,"Factors Affecting Gatekeeper's Selection of Foreign News: A National Survey of Newspaper Editors," Journalism Quarterly 69 (Autumn 1992): 554-561.

⁸ Leonard L. Chu,"An Organizational Perspective on International News Flow: Some Generalizations, Hypotheses, and Questions for Research," Gazette 35 (1985): 3-18; Stephen Lacy, Tsan-Kuo Chang and Tuen-yu Lau,"Impact of Allocation Decisions and Market Factors on Foreign News Coverage," Newspaper Research Journal 10 (Summer/Fall 1989): 23-32; and Johnson, "Predicting News Flow."

⁹ M. Rosenblum, Coups and Earthquakes: Reporting the World for America. (New York: Harper & Row, 1979); and D. Shanor and D. Johnston, Third World News in American Media: Experience and Prospects. (New York: Columbia University, 1983).

¹⁰ Mustapha Masmoudi,"The New World Information Order," Journal of Communication 29 (1979): 172-179.

¹¹ Lacy, Chang and Lau,"Impact of Allocation Decisions."

¹² G. Cleveland Wilhoit and David Weaver,quot;Foreign News Coverage in Two U.S. Wire Services: An Update," Journal of Communication 33 (Spring 1983): 132-148.

¹³ Daniel Riffe and Eugene Shaw,"Conflict and Consonance: Coverage of Third World in Two U.S. Papers," Journalism Quarterly 59 (Winter 1982): 617-626.

¹⁴ Jim A. Hart,"The Flow of International News into Ohio," Journalism Quarterly 38 (Autumn 1961): 541-543.

¹⁵ International Press Institute. The Flow of News. (Zurich: International Press Institute, 1953).

¹⁶ Lacy, Chang and Lau,"Impact of Allocation Decisions."

¹⁷ Galtung and Ruge,"The Structure of Foreign News."

¹⁸ S. Peterson, "International News Selection by Elite Press," Public Opinion Quarterly 45 (1981): 143-163.

¹⁹ Nabil Dajani and John Donohue,"Foreign News in the Arab Press," Gazette 19 (1973): 155-170.

²⁰ John C. Merrill,"The Image of the United States in Ten Mexican Dailies," Journalism Quarterly 39 (Spring 1962): 203-209.

²¹ Robert L. Stevenson and Richard Cole,"Patterns of Foreign News," in Foreign News and the New World Information Order, ed. Robert L. Stevenson and Donald Shaw (Ames, Iowa: The Iowa State University Press, 1984), 44-47.

²² Y. Koike and A. Imada,"Kokusai News No Houdou Joukyo," in Nihon Shimbun Kyokai Nempo, ed. The Japan Newspaper Publishers & Editors Association (Tokyo: The Nihon Shimbun Kyokai, 1989), 1-47.

²³ Y. Mori, ""Shimbun to Chiiki Shakai," in Journalism wo Manabu hito no Tameni [Those who lead Journalism], ed. N. Tamura and T. Hayashia (Tokyo: Sekai Shisou, 1995), 170-172.

²⁴ Leo Bogart, Press and Public, 2nd. ed. (Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, 1989); and Facts About Newspapers 1998, (Vienna, VA: Newspaper Association of America, 1998).

²⁵ Edward H. Chamberlin, The Theory of Monopolistic Competition, 8th ed. (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1962).

²⁶ Robert G. Picard and Jeffrey H. Brody, The Newspaper Publishing Industry (Boston: Allyn & Bacon, 1997).

²⁷ Ima Shimbunwo Kangaeru (It's Time to Think About Newspapers), (Tokyo: The Japanese Newspaper Publishers and Editors Association, 1995).

²⁸ Wayne A. Danielson and John B. Adams,"Completeness of Press Coverage on the 1960 Campaign," Journalism Quarterly (Autumn 1961): 441-452.

²⁹ Stephen Lacy and James M. Bernstein,&qout;Daily Newspaper Content's Relationship to Publication Cycle and Circulation Size," Newspaper Research Journal 9 (Spring 1988): 49-57.

³⁰ Daniel Riffe, Charles F. Aust and Stephen Lacy,"The Effectiveness of Random, Consecutive Day and Constructed Week Samples in Newspaper Content Analysis," Journalism Quarterly 70 (Spring 1993): 133-139.